|
|
Flag
from 1910.The flag from the book: Széll S. Városaink neve, címere és lobogója,
1941
Message 11038
From: Molnár István <molnarok@c...>
Date: Fri Dec 15, 2000 10:27pm
Subject: Oradea, Bihor
Co., Romania
Official name in Rumanian: Municipiul
Oradea
Oradea (in Hungarian Nagyvárad, in German Grosswardein) is a city in Bihor (in Hungarian Bihar) County of Romania close to the Hungarian border. The commune contains only the city. The city has got 222.741 inhabitants (74.225 (33,3%) Hungarians, 1992 census). The settlement as the third largest Hungarian community over the border is a cultural and political centre of the Hungarians in Transylvania. The city is the seat of the Roman Catholic and the Calvinist Episcopacy.
Neighbouring communities are: Biharia / Bihar, Borş / Bors, Sântandrei, Nojorid, Sânmartin, Oşorhei / Fugyivásárhely, Cetariu / Hegyközcsatár communities.
The city and the Episcopacy of Várad
were found by King Ladislas I., King of Hungary in 1093. The king was buried
in the cathedral of the city. There were the graves of King Stephen II,
King Andrew II, King Ladislas IV, King Sigismund and his wife Queen Mary.
In 1241-42 the Mongols devastated the city and the county. At the years
of the Anjou Kings the city was one of the largest cities of the kingdom.
The first Turkish siege was in 1474. To 1538 Free Royal City of the Kingdom
of Hungary. In 1538 King Ferdinand Habsburg
and King János Szapolyai (both
of them kings of Hungary) signed peace and divided the kingdom into two
parts. City of Nagyvárad became part of Szapolyai's kingdom. From 1556
the city is part of the Principality of Transylvania as the centre of the
'Részek' ('Parts'). In 1660 the city was occupied by the Osmans and devastated.
1660-1692 the settlement was under Turkish rule.
1692-1850 and 1861-1919 the city
was located in the territory of Bihar County, 1850-1861 in South Bihar
County.
The settlement in 1910 was a city
in the Kingdom of Hungary. Inhabitants in 1910: 64.169; 58.421 (91,0%)
Hungarian, 3.604 (5,6%) Rumanian, 1.416 (2,2%) German and 728 (1,1%) other
by mother tongue, 19.819 (30,9%) Roman Catholic, 19.459 (30,3%) Calvinist,
15.155 (23,6%) Jew, 4.649 (7,2%)
Greek Orthodox, 3.385 (5,3%) Greek Catholic, 1.377 (2,1%) Lutheran and
325 (0,5%) other by religion. From 1919/1920 (Romanian occupation / Treaty
of Trianon) to 1940 (Second Decision in Vienna) part of the Kingdom of
Romania. 1940-1944 part of Hungary. The Treaty of Paris reallocated it
to Romania. Oradea was a city 1952-1960 in Oradea Region, 1960-1968 in
Crisana Region and from 1968 is in Bihor County.
The city is the birthplace of some Hungarian celebrities: Péter Pázmány (1570-1637) archbishop, Ede Szigligeti (1814-1878) dramatist, József Nagy-Sándor martyr Hungarian general...
Today CoA is located:
http://www.oradea.ro/bun_venit_la_oradea.html
http://www.oradea.ro/pozem/stema.gif
The old CoA (used to 1944) located
as a wallpaper:
http://home.swipnet.se/nagyvarad/
István Molnár from Pápa, Hungary
The flag from the book: Széll S.
Városaink neve, címere és lobogója, 1941
Sources:
