Deafness in ferrets believe it or not is not all that catastrophic. Some adapt so well that they get by with their owners not knowing that they are deaf until later in age. I have two deaf ferrets. One is a silver blaze named Ping. He is profoundly deaf with some typical stereotypical features. My other ferret is named Pong (thank dear old hubby for naming them), and he is not typical in mannerisms nor in the fact that he is not of the common breed to have deafness. I want to introduce you to these guys, and to the world of a special needs ferret. One thing I want you to keep in mind... it is truly no big deal to the ferret to have hearing loss. The only time it seems to be difficult on them is if there is abuse in their past or present, and if they are mistreated. Many times it is much more difficult for a deaf ferret to overcome such obstacles with such a disability compounded on to them. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Causes of deafness can be from trauma, ear infections, medications, and most commonly from genetic defect. There are gram negative antibiotics that should be avoided such as Gentomycin and Gentocin. These drugs have long been proven to not only cause deafness in ferrets, and other animals, but in human babies as well. Let me begin by stating that deafness in ferrets has become more popular in years due to breeding with a gene called the Waardenburg gene. The increasing popularity of dark eyed whites, marked whites, pandas and blazes in the ferret world has increased the presence of deafness. This gene is what gives a ferret white markings typically towards the head region. When you breed these types of ferrets the Waardenburg gene can lead to Waardenburg syndrome. It is really benign in that it is typified by having white markings on the head region, wide set eyes, and sometimes deafness. The two most common ferret breeds to have deafness are blazes [badger-type markings of a white stripe down the middle of the head] and pandas [entire head and neck area are white/no mask]. Ping, is a blaze/panda mix. The Waardenburg gene has expressed itself visibly down to every detail. This is Ping. He is considered a blaze/panda mix. I think he couldn't decide what to do. Typical blazes have a stripe down the middle of their head continuing down their back. They usually do not have socks nor mitts (though they can), but more typically white toes. White knees are common. It's not uncommon for them to have a white spot on or underneath their tails. They may or may not have white speckled bellies, and may or may not have a white bib. Most of the time their noses are pink. Their eyes vary from a burgandy to ruby color. Pong This is Pong. Now his deafness was hard for me to believe and accept at first. He looks like a bibbed Sable. Just a garden variety marked standard ferret pretty much. But upon close examination, Pong has a lot of white hair underneath his paws, and if you look closely...he has two white tipped toes on each foot. each front foot has snow white hair underneath He has a large white spot on his tail. He has lots of roan white hairs dispersed all over his body. He has a lot of white on his muzzle, and a pink nose. Now...if you reaaaally want to stretch it, Pong has a white line of hair that is paper thin between his ears that is about an inch long. You really have to look. Now although these are such miniscule markings … it is none the less evidence of a Waardenburg gene in him that never really came out. Unfortunately for him the deafness trait did. Look to see two white tipped toes on each front paw. He has a white spot underneath his tail that is very visable. Not visible in this pic is a thin white line on top of his head, and obvious white eyebrows. He has a lot of white about his head and the bib you can see. He has a white spot underneath his tail that is very visible. As far as personality goes, Pong is atypical in that he is very alert and acts exactly like a normal ferret, except for when growing up we had trouble teaching him not to bite down so hard while playing. Ping is more typical. He tends to act as if in a "haze" at times compared to other ferrets. We notice that when he comes out of his cage he seems to go through a ritual of checking everything out first before he will play at all. He seems to need lots of structure to feel good. He thrives on regular time schedules, not moving his treasures, and not having strange smells about. As a kit Ping didn't make dooking, chucking, hissing, or he-he ferret noises. He was very quiet, and when excited he screeched...sometimes very loudly. He is seven months old right now and is almost mute. He power sniffs constantly, much more than a normal ferret. Socially, he is a bit more "off" than the others...tending to watch and sniff as the others romp. Now don't get me wrong… this boy can play! I'm just saying in comparison to hearing ferrets as a whole is all. Something other ferret owners of deaf ferrets and I have noticed is that they can seem to almost seek tactile stimulation more than a normal ferret. For instance, as soon as I put a square of different textured surface down on the floor the others check it out and leave, or try to drag it around. Ping will go to it and roll all over it and then finally lay on it and stay there! He tends to want to mouth things a lot, always carrying things around in his mouth. He takes treats more readily than the others. I have also noticed that my deaf ferrets like vibration. They love the feeling the vibration of the carpet around a vacuum cleaner. I can't keep them away from a running vacuum period! Something else we have noticed is that he gets attached to objects, totes them around, hides them, moves them, etc...he gets super attached to stuffed beany animals and actually puts them in a prepared next of blankies. Here is Ping carrying his "baby" to the second floor and going about tucking it in a blanket before he goes to bed on the fourth floor Remember, these guys may have a little trouble being introduced to hearing ferrets as they [deaf] are usually much rougher. They can't hear when another ferret says, "ouch" or "too much". Done gradually, and with care introduction to new ferrets or play groups usually isn't a big problem. The word here is "patience". If there is some rough going, it will work out in time. You need to be calm. And if there is a problem it just means you must go slower with the process, and be more careful and vigilant. The introductions must be gradual... days of not letting them together, then of letting them look in the cages and sniff for more days, then the next step is taking out the new guy and holding him safely as the other free roams and letting the established ferret come up to see and smell the new guy. Don't ever forget to give the established ferret plenty of attention. You get the idea. The trick is to let them work out the social order, etc, but to also know when to gently intervene when the deaf ferret is biting too hard before a bad experience happens for the two of them. I many times just come up to one of my guys and pet them nice when they get hyper-focused onto a new or younger ferret and biting way to hard. They stop, and look at me very blankly when I do. I distract them or redirect their attention on something else. I find deaf ferrets are a little more persistent than hearing ferrets whether its getting into something, climbing on a table, digging, or getting obsessive over another ferret. They seem to hyper-focus. I notice that my deaf ferrets are less afraid of baths than the others. They are quite the face swimmers! I have not heard from others if this is just personality on the part of my ferrets, or if it's common in deaf ferrets. You can bet I'll be researching these sorts of things in depth for this page. One fun thing about deaf ferrets is sometimes they are easier to travel with than normal ferrets as they do not have to deal with all the strange new sounds when they are in new environments. They can seem to be more at ease. Let's move on to the special needs of deaf ferrets. Some misunderstood ferrets, biters, are often found to be deaf. Once they feel safe, are treated properly, and are properly trained however, they are just as loving as any other ferret. Deaf ferrets can not hear a ferret or human say ouch when they bite down too hard..so as you can imagine with this lack of communication they can tend to bite too hard. Some are nervous from people coming up behind them and just grabbing or scooping them up. That would scare the bazooka out of you, wouldn't it? So sometimes a deaf ferret can freak out and bite over that. I have never ever had a problem. I forget and come up from behind my buddies all the time without warning. But I am aware that there is always a chance of scaring them in such a way they would act out by doing this. Deaf ferrets are at risk of getting lost a bit more than a normal f erret. So if you want to be safe, have a collar, tag and especially a bell on them when they are out of the cage. Also training them to come to a visual thing and smell is helpful for when you need to find them. three common things to use for finding deaf ferrets Some ferrets have been trained to come out to a flashlight or laser pointer. You can do this by giving them a treat and lots of positive attention every time they come out to see a flashlight, or chase a laser pointer. So practice these drills daily. Pick a light your ferret is curious about and every time they follow it to you and come to you quick give them a treat and/or Ferretone, and then lots of hugs and encouragement. If they get lost, then you just take your trusty laser pointer or flashlight, and an open bottle of Ferretone for them to get a wiff of with you to find them. This training just may help you find your little one and save a life. Deaf ferrets can be taught to do things by sign language if you wish. You must be consistent with whatever signs you choose to use. Make sure it is all the time, make sure everyone uses the same sign, and make sure the ferret is rewarded with a treat and lots of attention for the accomplished task. For example, my ferrets come to me when I do the following: first off, it is good to get the attention of the ferret by taking your arm outstretched, palm down, and waving it up and down. We all know they are attracted to waving towels. That will make them look at you. I then put my hand down inches off the floor palm up...and wiggle my fingers vigorously. When I first began training, I took my other hand and in an up and down fashion hit the top of my forearm also a few times at the same time as wiggling my fingers on the other hand. a friend can help you train your ferret in time this is what your ferret will do Other people have noticed their ferrets to be a bit sensitive to vibration. So they call their ferrets by crouching down, and hitting the floor with both hands simultaneously instead. One thing is for certain, deaf ferrets need to feel secure. You can do this by doing lots of little things. You can stomp your feet before you open up the cage to get them or pick them up. You can lightly blow on their fur if they are asleep before picking them up (never blow in their faces… you wouldn't like that would you?). You can tap the cage a few times before going in to get them. You can lightly touch their backs before picking up and making sure they are awake and see you. I like to do an array of these things. For example, when I come up to their cage I stomp twice. I open the door, and blow on their fur when they are sleeping, and then gently stroke them before picking them up. I try never to sneak up on them or catch them off guard when they romp about the house. This is how my husband securely holds ping and talks to him. He is holding the ferret securely on the forearm, and he has the ferrets' face gently turned so the ferret can see him talking, and his expressions. He mostly just holds him on his lap and talks, but I personally like holding them to my upper chest, under my neck so they can feel the vibration of me speaking. Something worth mentioning here is dead ferret sleep. All ferrets are capable of doing this. What is it? It is when a ferret goes so deep into sleep they can be darn near impossible to wake up. With deaf ferrets this is more common. When Ping was a kit, he went into one that was so deep we could NOT wake him. We both tried, and he was like a lifeless dishrag. I had to watch my 6'1" husband on his knees holding this baby paniced and begging me to do something. I couldn't. I had to watch this huge fella break into tears. It was a few minutes, but Ping finally roused. He still does it but not as bad. Here is ping at 8 months old… all three pounds of him in a dead ferret sleep. When I hold them, I make sure they feel very supported. I hold them securely with both hands and support their back legs. I like to hold them close too. I also like to hold them up to my neck/chest area and talk to them so they can feel the soothing vibration. I went through a lot of trouble when my boys were little babies doing all this. But it was worth it! They are not skittish in the least. They have never gotten scared. They have never bitten anyone either. They are now seven months old and when a child runs up behind them and scoops them up, they are just laid-back as can be. They feel secure from how I raised them. I don't even go through some of the motions too much any more as they seem to not need it anymore. Much of what I do is just second nature now. I don't even have to think to tap the cage, swing their hammock, or gently stroke them before waking them up. It's just habit. Lastly I will go into discipline and communication with a deaf ferret. To teach a ferret no, there are many options. To stop biting there is all sorts of biting training to try. You can cover your hands with bitter apple. You can shove your hand back towards the back of their mouth while they are biting you if possible... this is very unpleasant especially to a kit and they will stop. Ultimately if nothing works you can do some of the following: Scruff your ferret by the back of the neck You can clearly see the ferret is held by the looser skin on the back of his neck. This does not hurt them. The ferrets' response is to usually completely go limp and relax. Hold up the ferret by the scruff and have them able to see your face. Make a sad or mad face, shake your head no, mouth or say no, ..You may even want to also hold up a finger in front of them and shake it back and forth ... Then you drag your ferret by the scruff on his back on the floor about 24 inches... I know at this angle the ferret looks hurt or something but he is NOT. He is in a totally relaxed mode, hanging like a trusting kit. This is the same action mother ferrets use on kits to teach them. Likewise, alpha leaders of multi-ferret homes use this action. People have also used brief time outs in their cages. I have no experience in this. If you do this please don't use the time out in their home cages...that would teach them that their home/bed is a place of punishment. Use a small travel cage for this. And also remember a ferret is just that... a ferret, an animal… make the time out veeeery brief. So as you can see, there is much that you can do to train a deaf ferret. You can also see each personality is different. Pong is stone deaf, believe me… yet he lacks many of the common stereotypical traits that many deaf ferrets have. When deaf ferrets feel secure, they frolic and act just as ferrety as any hearing ferret.


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