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Blood is the fluid that circulate throughout our body in blood vessels. It function to carry nourishment, electrolytes, hormones, antibodies, heat and oxygen to the tissues and carried away waste matter and carbon dioxide to the excretory organ.
Blood is composed of two major component, i.e. the fluid part that is called plasma, and the solid part i.e. blood cells (erythrocytes, leucocytes and thrombocytes) and great molecules such as proteins, carbohydrates and fat globules which is suspended in blood plasma.
Based on the fact that not everyone blood can be given to ones who needs blood transfusion, human blood is separated into several different groups.
This fact is caused by the presence and the absence of agglutinogens, a protein in blood cells and agglutinins another protein in plasma. If ones blood containing agglutinogens A being mixed with other blood containing specific agglutinins for agglutinogens A (anti A) then agglutination and hemolysis will occur.
There are two most important grouping for a transfusion purpose, that is AB0 grouping which separates blood into four groups (A, B, AB and 0) and Rhesus grouping which separates blood into two groups (Rh+) and (Rh-). Both grouping is based on the presence and the absence of agglutinogens and their specific agglutinins. We can learn the grouping from the following table.
|
Agglutinogens A |
Agglutinins anti A |
Agglutinogens B |
Agglutinins anti B |
Blood Group |
|
|
Yes |
No |
No |
Yes |
|
A |
|
No |
Yes |
Yes |
No |
B |
|
|
Yes |
No |
Yes |
No |
AB |
|
| No | Yes | No | Yes |
0 |
|
Rhesus Factor |
Anti Rhesus Factor |
|
Blood Group |
|
Yes |
No |
|
Rh+ |
|
No |
Yes |
Rh- |
Blood transfusion is a transfer of some amount of blood from a person to another. The person who give the blood called donor, while the receiver called recipient. In transfusion the blood group of donor and recipient must of the same group, although in an emergency case the following scheme of may be done with very careful precautious measures.
|
Donor |
Recipient |
|||
|
A |
A |
|
AB |
|
|
B |
|
B |
AB |
|
|
AB |
AB |
|||
|
0 |
A |
B |
AB |
0 |
Where to find blood for transfusion.
Blood for transfusion made available by Indonesian Red Cross (Palang Merah Indonesia / PMI ), since PMI is the sole institution being authorized to run blood program in Indonesia. The blood service is carried out by PMIs Blood Transfusion Unit in its branches. Whether you need some blood for a patient or you are willing to be a blood donor you can contact PMI Head Office or its branches in every city or any PMI desk in every hospital. Blood can be obtain for free, although a small service cost might be charged for packaging and other material used.
Related pages : Indonesian Red Cross Hospitals Health Offices
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