Summary of
public results of R1b and subclade SNP results including S21, S26, S28, and S29
John McEwan
1st Oct 2005
(Last updated 4th Aug 2006)
Background
The R1b haplogroup comprises a large proportion of individuals in public
genealogical (STR based) databases. This website is largely devoted to an analysis
of the Ysearch STR database to identify clusters within R1b associated with
historic and geographically based populations. Haplogroups are defined by SNP
mutations and are not commonly tested by the genotyping companies. Within R1b
there are a series of SNPs that divide this haplogroup, but at the current time
little is known about the fraction of R1b these subclades define, nor what
relationship they have with STR defined clusters.
Currently, the only major database storing general SNP genotype results
in a searchable form is DNA-Fingerprint.
Individuals also often release information on the Genealogy DNA
list-server or store it in Charles Kerchner’s Yahoo DNA-ANTHROGENEALOGY
database tables. For many following the list server discussions, these results
can be confusing and difficult to search. Similar comments apply to discussions
about the DYS385 Kittler test,
DYF399S1, and 464x
test available from DNA-Fingerprint.
The most comprehensive R1b subclade SNP tests are available from Ethnoancestry although selected R1b
SNPs are available from other suppliers.
This page attempts to address the confusion by presenting posted results
in a clear and consistent format in a single location. It will be updated until
such time as the public databases include a provision to: enter, store and
update in a searchable format individual SNP genotypes, include Ysearch IDs and
are widely utilized. Results posted to the genealogy listserver, or sent direct
to myself at mcewanj at xtra.co.nz
(replace the at with @) will be included in this list.
Please provide your Ysearch ID as well to ensure unambiguous identification.
However, you are strongly encouraged to also upload your data into one of the
databases storing SNP results.
Fig 1. Summary of the
interim R1b haplogroup tree, based on SNP results available to date. For older
trees see YCC
2002, Jobling
2003 , FTDNA 2005 , Athey 2005 R1b and YCC 2002 conversion
table from systems in use prior to 2002. The current official tree is ISOGG April 2006 (Last updated 15th July 2006)
Table 1. R1b SNP test
results with links to relevant files: entries sorted by SNP subclade (new and updated entries have names with colored
background)
R1b SNP table link last updated 4th Aug 2006
Quicklinks
To retrieve the raw STR haplotypes from Ysearch click on the following
links:
S21+
Ysearch haplotpes
S26+
Ysearch haplotypes
S29+ Ysearch haplotypes
S28+ Ysearch haplotypes
M65+ Ysearch haplotypes
M167+
Ysearch haplotypes
M222+ Ysearch haplotypes (part 1)
M222+ Ysearch haplotypes (part 2)
NEG
Ysearch haplotypes
(part1)
NEG Ysearch haplotypes (part2)
Current SNP based R1b
haplogroup tree
The current R1 haplogroup tree can be viewed at ISOGG
The most comprehensive R1b SNP tests are available from Ethnoancestry
Comments and speculation on R1b SNPs
SRY2627 Also known as M167
M65
M222 Also known as North West Irish SNP
S21
S25 Also known as Null 463
S26 Also known as Null 439 or
Little SNP
S28
S29
S48 Also known as Null 441 or
Kerchner SNP
464x Also known as the extended 464
test
Figure 2.
Phylogram derived from using Nei’s Da and Neighbour Joining from the phase 3 STR analysis, each cluster has been defined
as a population. Haplogroup A&B has been defined as the outgroup and the
results have been ladderized to the top. Note the phylogeny does not exactly
follow the expected SNP based haplogroup phylogeny, in part because only small
numbers of some subgroups are available, and in part because the 37 STRs used
are close to saturation for interconnecting branches of the deepest clades. The
distance measure scale is at the bottom. Numbers of S21+ have been entered beside the
R1b clusters as have M167+ ,
S28+ , M222+ and R1b1c (xS21,M167, S28, M222). In some cases M167,
S28 or M222 have not been fully tested but are by default assumed ancestral.
The STR based R1b branch topology is not well supported and major rearrangement
and simplification is expected after inclusion of SNP results.
