The Malayan Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve (RNVR) and Royal Malayan Navy followed the Royal Navy rank structure. There were the following charges and titles for non-commissioned officers: a fouled anchor (Leading Rate), a crown above two fouled anchors in saltire (Petty Officer), and three gold buttons on the cuffs (Chief Petty Officer). Able Seamen do not have any insignias. RNVR officers would have used wavy bars instead of the Royal Navy's straight bars, and the RNVR's had squarish loops instead of normal circular ones as used by the officers of the Royal Navy. The Royal Navy had two sets of rank insignias for officers - the more frequently used bars set, and the less-used complex set of insignias based on crowns, stars, anchors, sword and baton in saltire, and batons in saltire within a laurel wreath. (The Royal Navy's complex rank insignia model [badges based] is illustrated further in the section on Symbol and Rank Hierarchies towards the end of this page. The bars model is similar to those noted in the 1970s entry to follow on the Singapore air force.)

Full Navy ranks:
Admiral of the Fleet ∙ Admiral ∙ Vice-Admiral ∙ Rear-Admiral ∙ Commodore ∙ Captain ∙ Commander ∙ Lieutenant-Commander ∙ Lieutenant ∙ Sub-Lieutenant
Warrant Officer ∙ Chief Petty Officer ∙ Petty Officer ∙ Leading Rate ∙ Ordinary & Able Rate

Local land units followed the British Army ranks as is apparent today in the UK and several Commonwealth realms. The following charges are used: crown, star (based on the Grand Cross Commander Star of the Order of the Bath design except for the Household regiments), chevrons, the British royal arms, and the generals' baton and sword in saltire. The British Army rank insignia model which is also used by the British police survives today, with appropriate modification/replacement of charges, in the enforcement services of Singapore. The British Army rank insignia model for command and management officers used presently attained its form from changes that were introduced between the 1850s and the 1920s. The officer's insignias appeared on the collars and cuffs before it was moved to the shoulders (and today, at the centre of the chest for selected uniforms).

Full Army ranks:
Field Marshal ∙ General ∙ Lieutenant-General ∙ Major-General ∙ Brigadier ∙ Colonel ∙ Lieutenant-Colonel ∙ Major ∙ Captain ∙ Lieutenant ∙ 2^nd Lieutenant
Warrant Officers ∙ Colour & Staff Sergeant ∙ Sergeant ∙ Corporal ∙ Lance Corporal ∙ Private

There was also the Royal Air Force in Singapore. The officer rank insignias were based on the bars and broad band system derived from those used by the Royal Navy. The Republic of Singapore Air Force used such insignias for a while from 1975 to 1982 as illustrated in the entry of 1975 to follow but retaining army-style rank titles. The non-commissioned ranks of the RAF had the rank titles listed below and insignias such as propellers of varying blade numbers in addition to the usual chevrons, royal crown, and royal arms. There was the Malayan Auxiliary Air Force (MAAF) made up of local and British personnel from 1950 to 1960. The ranks used by the MAAF was in most likelihood like those of the RAF for that period.

Full Air Force ranks (1950s - 1960s):
Marshal of the Royal Air Force ∙ Air Chief Marshal ∙ Air Marshal ∙ Air Vice-Marshal ∙ Air Commodore ∙ Group Captain ∙ Wing Commander ∙ Squadron Leader ∙ Flight Lieutenant ∙ Flying Officer ∙ Pilot Officer
Warrant Officers/Master Technician/Master Aircrew ∙ Flight Sergeant/Chief Technician ∙ Sergeant/Senior Technician ∙ Corporal/Corporal Technician ∙ Junior Technician ∙ Senior Aircraftmen ∙ Leading Aircraftman ∙ Aircraftman 

The local colonial police service used the following charges, similar to the army but with the addition of another star: crown, star I (based on the Grand Cross Commander Star of the Order of the Bath design), star II (crown/s within the service title within a laurel wreath on a Maltese cross), chevrons, batons in saltire within a laurel wreath. Star II was worn on collars as well as epaulettes.

The Straits Settlements Police had the following rank structure and insignias until around WWII. For the Superior Officer group: Inspector-General of Police (crown and two star Is), Chief Superintendent (crown and one star I), Superintendent (crown), Assistant Superintendent - passed (three star Is), Assistant Superintendent (two star Is), Chief Inspector (one star I), Senior Inspector (three star IIs), Inspector (two star IIs), and Probationary Inspector (one star II). Asiatic Probationary to Senior Inspectors wear their stars on the collars while British Probationary to Senior Inspectors wear their stars on the uniform lapels. The Subordinate Officers and Constables group comprised the following: Sergeant Major (crown on cuff), Sergeant (three chevrons), Corporal (two chevrons), Lance Corporal (one chevron), Constable (one, two, or three full bars on epaulettes depending on class). (Special thanks to Dr N. Thomas and D. Dorcemus for furnishing this information on the Straits Settlements Police ranks). 

After the war, the Singapore Police had the following structure as at 1953 and insignias where information is available: Commissioner of Police (crown and commissioners' badge), Deputy Commissioner (star I and commissioners' badge), Senior Assistant Commissioner (commissioners' badge only), Assistant Commissioner (crown and two star Is), Superintendent (crown and one star I), Deputy Superintendent (crown), Assistant Superintendent, Chief Inspector, Inspector, Probationary Inspector, Sub-Inspector, Staff Sergeant, Sergeant (three chevrons), Corporal (two chevrons), Lance Corporal (one chevron), and Constable (possibly full bar and class system as was under the Straits Settlements Police). The rank insignias of Staff Sergeant to Assistant Superintendent is unconfirmed but were likely to be: a crown above three chevrons for the Staff Sergeant, two star IIs on the collars for the Sub-Inspectors, one star II on the shoulder for the Probationary and confirmed Inspectors, two star IIs on the shoulder for the Chief Inspector, and three star IIs on the shoulder for the Assistant Superintendent. The commissioners' badge were like those used by the British police, batons in saltire within a laurel wreath. For an excellent presentation of the physical collections of the police ranks since the colonial period, see Bobby's Ultimate website. 

The colonial Singapore Fire Brigade was likely to have followed the British fire brigades ranks with impellers and bar/s as charges (see 1988 entry to follow for illustration). According to the Fire Department's 1954 Annual Report, the following ranks were listed amongst many other designations: Superintendent, Deputy Chief Officer, Divisional Officer, Sub-Officer, Junior Sub-Officer, Chief Foreman, Foreman, Sub-Foreman, Leading Fireman, and Fireman. From 1961 to at least 1973, the ranks of the fire brigade were: Chief Fire Officer, Divisional Officer, Assistant Divisional Officer, Station Officer, Section Leader, Foreman, Sub-Foreman, Leading Fireman, and Fireman. The ambulance section of the fire brigade had a supervisor and Fireman-Ambulance Attendants. Other designations included control room operators, engineers, drivers, and various other support staff. 

The colonial Singapore Civil Defence Corps were sighted to have been using two and three chevrons on sleeves for the non-officers while officers were sighted using one or two bars on epaulettes. 

  1968   - Singapore's air force began operations under the name Singapore Air Defence Command (SADC) and was referred to as such until 1975. The ranks of the SADC paralleled those of the Singapore Army in titles and insignias. The pip and the national arms were used as charges for SADC officer ranks like those of the Army, i.e, 2nd Lieutenant (one pip) to Colonel (the national arms and two pips). SADC non-officer ranks and insignias were as follow: Lance-Corporal (a chevron couped reversed), Corporal (two chevrons couped reversed), Sergeant (three chevrons couped reversed), Staff Sergeant (one national arms above three chevrons couped reversed), and Warrant Officer (one national arms).

 1970s   - Prior to and in the early 1970s, the commissioners' badge of the Singapore Police Force was comprised of batons in saltire within a laurel wreath, similar to the ones used presently. This was changed by the mid-1970s to a baton and sword in saltire without the laurel wreath. The latter commissioners' badge was used by the Police's commissioner-level ranks until 1982. The force also abolished the rank of Corporal in 1972. The rank of Corporal was reinstated in the force in 1976.

The SADC was renamed the Republic of Singapore Air Force (RSAF) in 1975. Rank insignias were changed to parallel the rank insignias of the Commonwealth air forces. The Commonwealth air forces uses the horizontal tri-band bar as charges for the rank insignia of officers. The top and bottom stripes of the horizontally divided bar are equal and parallel to one another and are broader in height than the centre stripe. The air force tri-band bars comes in two sizes referred to here as the bar and the closet. (In heraldry, the bar has two diminutives. The closet is half the height of a bar, while the barrulet is a quarter the height of a bar.) Air Commodores and Marshals have an enlarged version of the tri-band bar.

RSAF officer rank titles remained but rank insignias were revised to: 2nd Lieutenant (one tri-band closet), Lieutenant (one tri-band bar), Captain (two tri-band bars), Major (one tri-band closet between two tri-band bars), Lieutenant Colonel (three tri-band bars), Colonel (four tri-band bars), and Brigadier (commodore and air marshals' broad band). For the ceremonial dress' shoulder boards, all tri-band bars/closet and the commodore/marshals’ broad band were rendered throughout in gold. Additionally, a gold eagle was charged on the shoulder boards to appear above these bars and broad band. For other epaulettes, the tri-band bar and closet colour scheme is light blue between dark blue stripes. The commodore/marshals' band is dark blue with a horizontal light blue bar across the centre. This colour scheme is still used by the Commonwealth air forces. These bars and band originally appeared on cuffs rather than epaulettes in the Royal Air Force. The Royal Navy from which this model was adapted had a similar arrangement but the top-most bar had an executive curl. The Royal Navy Commodore however had a ring above the broad band instead of an executive curl.

RSAF non-officer insignias remained generally the same as since 1968, but there was the introduction of the Warrant Officer I rank represented by a national arms within a laurel wreath. The Senior Warrant Officer rank (national arms within a laurel wreath surmounted with a five-pointed star) was introduced later to the force.

1975 also saw the naval element of the military, the Maritime Command, being renamed the Republic of Singapore Navy. The naval officers had their former rank insignias changed around this period. Similar to the air force, the naval officers used gold bars and closets on black shoulder boards as their rank insignias. In addition to the gold bars and closet, an inverted gold five-pointed star was placed above the bars. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, naval officer rank insignias were made up of bars, loops (executive curls), and mascles (voided lozenges).

  1982   - The Singapore Armed Forces (Army, Navy, and Air Force) revamps and standardises all rank insignias and titles for its officer ranks. New charges introduced and used until the present day are bars couped for the junior commissioned officers (2nd Lieutenant to Captain), the national arms for the senior commissioned officers (Major to Colonel), and simple five-pointed star/s (heraldry: mullet) for general/flag ranks officers. This new bars couped and national arms model as used by the military junior and senior officers is later adopted by the civil defence force and fire service around the last quarter of the 1980s.

The Singapore Army General-level ranks prior to 1982 were represented by insignias based on the following pattern: a national arms above five-pointed star/s (one star for a Brigadier-General, two stars for a Major-General, three stars for a Lieutenant-General, and four stars for a full General) above a generals' badge comprising a baton and sword in saltire within a laurel wreath (a service publication detailed the badge as a Chinese broadsword and a keris in saltire although the accompanying image is not as visibly clear). The other junior and senior officer ranks used the pips and arms model prior to 1982.

The Singapore Police Force revised the senior officer rank insignias in 1982. Prior to 1982, the Commissioner of Police wore a national arms above the commissioners' badge as rank insignia. (From c. 1975 to 1982, the commissioners' badge comprised a baton and sword in saltire). The Deputy Commissioner was represented by a pip above the commissioners' badge, and the Assistant Commissioner was represented by a national arms and two pips. Superintendents wore a national arms and one pip, Deputy Superintendents were represented by a national arms, while Assistant Superintendents used three pips. Inspectors wore two pips and Probationary Inspectors wore one pip. 

The change in 1982 brought about the following: the commissioners' badge reverted to batons in saltire within a laurel wreath as was used prior to 1975 and as is apparent to the present day. The commissioner-level rank structure as seen today were also adopted. A Deputy Assistant Commissioner rank was introduced represented by a sole commissioners' badge as its rank insignia. The Assistant Superintendent rank insignia was shifted one insignia up to using one national arms from three pips previously. The Deputy Superintendent wore a national arms and a pip, and the Superintendent wore a national arms and two pips. The three pips rank insignia was designated to become the rank insignia of the new Chief Inspector rank for the Gurkha Contingent. Inspectors continued wearing two pips as was the case before.

The Civil Defence Command was raised as a command under the Singapore Police Force. Pips were used by 2nd Lieutenants, Lieutenants, and Captains of the Civil Defence Command. Command later renamed the Singapore Civil Defence Force (SCDF). Information for the other ranks are uncertain.

 1988   - The Singapore Fire Service (SFS) revamped their ranks becoming parallel to those of the armed forces, i.e., Fire Lieutenant (two bars couped) to Fire Colonel (three national arms). Junior ranks comprised the Fire Corporal (two chevrons couped reversed), Fire Sergeant (axes in saltire and fire helmet above three chevrons couped reversed), and Fire Warrant Officer (fire helmet on two axes in saltire within a laurel wreath) ranks. Director-level ranks used the police-style insignias minus the pip. The Director of Fire Service used a national arms and a directors' badge, i.e., two fire axes in saltire with a fire helmet all within a laurel wreath. The Deputy Director's rank insignia was a sole directors' badge. Fire Service and Civil Defence Force merger commences and Singapore Joint Civil Defence Forces (SJCDF) was the interim result.

Prior to 1988, the ranks of the Singapore Fire Service (formerly Singapore Fire Brigade until 1980) were generally similar to the former British fire services' rank titles and insignias. There was from 1974/5 onwards, for the Singapore Fire Brigade/Service, the Director of Fire Brigade/Service represented by two small impellers above a senior command badge, Deputy Directors represented by a small impeller above a senior command badge badge, Divisional Officers/Superintendents (insignia unconfirmed), Assistant Divisional Officers/Deputy Superintendents (insignia unconfirmed), Station Officers represented by two large impellers, Section Leaders (insignia unconfirmed), Junior Section Leaders (insignia unconfirmed), Leading Firemen (insignia unconfirmed), and Firemen (insignia unconfirmed but likely without any rank insignias). The senior command badge comprised a large impeller within a laurel wreath. If the former British Fire Services rank insignia model was used as a general guide (as shown above), Singapore Fire Brigade's ranks would have in most likelihood resembled the following where similar ranks existed: two small impellers above the senior command badge for Chief Fire Officer, one small impeller above a senior command badge above a narrow bar for the Deputy Chief Fire Officer, one small impeller above a senior command badge for an Assistant Chief Fire Officer, a senior command badge above a narrow bar for a Senior Divisional Officer, a sole senior command badge for the Divisional Officer, three large impellers for the Assistant Divisional Officer, two large impellers for the Station Officer, two bars for the Sub-Officer, one bar for the Leading Firefighter, and no insignia for the basic Firefighter.

The Singapore Civil Defence Force senior officer ranks were also changed to parallel titles and insignias as used by the SAF (bars couped and the national arms) around the same period. Commissioner-level ranks however followed the police tradition but without the pip. Commissioner of SCDF wore a single national arms above the commissioners' badge. Officers from the SAF assumes several command and management positions in the SCDF but retaining SAF ranks and uniforms. SCDF commissioners' badge used since then and until 2005 had the civil defence triangle with the national shield all within a laurel wreath - basically the civil defence service emblem without the title-scroll.

  1991   - The rank insignia of the Commissioner of Singapore Civil Defence Force began featuring two national arms above the commissioners' badge instead of one as was the case previously. A single national arms above a commissioners' badge became the rank insignia of the Deputy Commissioner. The Assistant Commissioner rank wore a sole commissioners' badge. This commissioner-level structure and rank insignias remained until 2005. In 1992, SJCDF reverts name to SCDF signifying the completion of the merger phases. The Singapore Fire Service formally ceased to exist and its rank insignias were thus no longer used.

In 1991, the Singapore Customs and Excise Department announced changes to its senior officer ranks. The Customs senior officer rank structure, titles, and insignia since 1991 to c. 2001 was as follow: Director-General (national arms, one pip, and a directors-general's badge), Deputy Director-General (national arms and a directors-general's badge), Senior Director (one pip and a directors-general's badge), Director (national arms and two pips), Senior Superintendent (national arms and one pip), Higher Superintendent (national arms), Superintendent Grade A (three pips), Superintendent Grade B (two pips), and Probationary Superintendent (one pip). The directors-general's badge comprised a portcullis within a wreath of fronds. It is basically the Customs and Excise service emblem without the national arms and title-scroll. Prior to 1991, the Director-General of Customs and Excise wore two five-pointed stars above a national arms, and flat laurels as the rank insignia. The next major changes to the ranks of the senior officers of Customs was carried out just prior to 2003 mainly involving the renaming of several rank titles for the command and management officers. 

  1992   - The non-commissioned officer ranks of the Singapore Armed Forces were revamped. Intermediate ranks were introduced from 3rd Sergeant (formerly the Corporal First Class) to Senior Warrant Officer as is observable today. Previous set of ranks prior to 1992 was comprised of Private, Corporal, Corporal First Class (a bar couped above two chevrons couped reversed), Sergeant, Staff Sergeant, Warrant Officer Classes II and I ranks. The rank insignias for Lance Corporal and Corporal while retaining the original chevrons gained a bar arched. The pre-1992 rank insignias for Corporal to Staff Sergeant ranks is still used by the emergency and enforcement services of Singapore today. Warrant Officers began displaying their new rank insignias comprising chevron(s) couped, national arms, and a bar couped arched reversed on the epaulettes rather than on the sleeves/wrists as was done previously. Significantly, this SAF Warrant Officer rank insignia design and pattern will eventually be adopted, some with slight modifications, by all Singapore services for corresponding level personnel.

The Director of Singapore Prison Service began wearing the present day rank insignia, i.e., one national arms, a pip, and a directors' badge. From the 1980s and up to 1992, the rank insignia of the Director of Prisons comprised one national arms above a directors' badge, the rank of Deputy Director was represented by a pip and a directors' badge, and the rank of Assistant Director was represented by a sole directors' badge only. Earlier still in the 1970s, the rank insignia of the Director of Prisons comprised one pip above the directors' badge. The directors' badge throughout comprised two keys in saltire within a laurel wreath.

  1997   - Singapore Police Force and Singapore Prison Service shifted all rank-and-file insignias from the sleeves to the epaulettes. This did not apply to the SPF Gurkha Contingent who retained ranks worn on sleeves. The Police's Station Inspector rank insignia was changed from pips worn on collars to one chevron couped, a national arms, and laurels to be worn on epaulettes (in a pattern similar to the SAF and SCDF Warrant Officers). In addition, a higher Senior Station Inspector rank (two chevrons couped, a national arms, and laurels) was introduced in the police force. Prisons introduces the new apex rank of Senior Chief Warder 2 (four chevrons couped) in its structure. The Prisons' Chief Warder ranks was also represented by pips worn on collars previously before the adoption of the SAF Warrant Officer-styled rank insignias. The use of rank insignias on collars had origins in Singapore's colonial police force.

  1998   - An additional chevron couped was added to Singapore Police Force's Station Inspector (original 1+1= two chevrons couped) and Senior Station Inspector (original 2+1= three chevrons couped) rank insignias. The apex rank of Senior Station Inspector 2 (four chevrons couped) was introduced.

  2001   - Singapore Customs and Excise Department changed its junior Customs officers' rank insignias, replacing the previously used bars couped with chevrons couped. The SAF Warrant Officer rank insignia style was also applied to the Chief Customs Officer ranks with the exception of the Customs & Excise service badge (a portcullis chained within a wreath of fronds surmounted with the national arms without the motto-scroll) in lieu of the national arms. Senior officers of Customs retained the pips and national arms combinations. The adoption of chevrons made the Customs ranks highly aligned to the other services of Singapore. Greater similarity was achieved later in 2003 when the chevrons were inverted (chevrons couped reversed).

Sometime prior to 2003, several changes were introduced to the ranks of the senior officers of Customs. The Senior Director rank was renamed to Assistant Director-General, while the Director rank was renamed as Chief Superintendent. There were no changes to the rank insignias. The Senior Superintendent and Higher Superintendent rank titles and insignias remained as before. The Superintendent rank grade divisions however were abolished and the new single rank of Superintendent was assigned to wear three pips only. The Probationary Superintendent rank was then revised up to wear two pips instead of one as its insignia.

  2002   - Singapore Police Force abolishes the rank of Lance-Corporal for the conscript and regular schemes.

  2003   - Singapore Customs & Excise Department and Singapore Immigration & Registration reorganised to become Singapore Customs and the new Immigration & Checkpoints Authority. Customs rank insignias featuring the Customs service emblem were updated to reflect the new service emblem in which the caduceus replaced the portcullis. The full rank title of the head of the Customs service was changed from the Director-General of Customs and Excise to Director-General of Customs (also to the formal title of other ranks such as Superintendent of Customs formerly the Superintendent of Customs and Excise). 

ICA ranks that was adopted upon establishment was similar to today's. The senior officer ranks are similar to those of the police where insignias and titles are concerned. The junior officer ranks that were adopted featured the insignias as used today (parallel to the civil defence, police, and prison rank insignias) but until March 2008, with the following rank titles: Immigration & Checkpoint (I&C) Specialist, Higher I&C Specialist 1, Higher I&C Specialist 2, Senior I&C Specialist, Chief I&C Specialist, and Chief I&C Specialist (Special Grades 1 and 2). This rank titles style was quite similar to the system used by Singapore Customs. 

The officers of ICA's predecessor organisation, the Singapore Immigration & Registration, wore pips and the national arms for senior officers and up to four full bars for the junior officers all appearing on epaulettes.

  2003/4   - Singapore Customs replaces junior ranks' chevrons couped of 2001 with chevrons couped reversed attaining greater similarity with other Singapore services. The rank of Senior Customs Officer (Customs service emblem above three chevrons couped reversed - somewhat similar to the other emergency and enforcement services' rank insignia for Staff Sergeant) was also introduced to the service.

  2004   - Singapore Civil Defence Force sleeve rank insignias for the rank-and-file were shifted to the epaulettes like those of the enforcement services. The military establishment remain the only entity to continue displaying rank insignias on the sleeves of the uniforms. SPF Gurkha Contingent was also another exception.

  2005   - The ranks of Captain and Lieutenant in the Singapore Civil Defence Force had bars couped used since c. 1988 replaced with enforcement services-style stars (pips) for their rank insignias in what was publicised as an exercise to align the civil defence ranks with those of the other Home Team services. From another perspective, this is but a reversion to the past as pips were originally used by the Lieutenants and Captains when the Singapore Civil Defence Force was raised as a command under the police force c. 1983. The introduction (or revival) of the pip also led to the expansion of the commissioner-level ranks with pips incorporated into the insignias where necessary. The rank insignia of the Commissioner of Civil Defence had one of the original two national arms replaced with a pip. The commissioners' badge used since 1988 was also replaced with two fire axes in saltire within a laurel wreath as well. The Assistant Commissioner rank insignia now featured a pip above a commissioners' badge instead of a sole commissioners' badge which was the case before. New rank of Senior Assistant Commissioner and corresponding insignia (two pips and a commissioners' badge) was introduced into the structure. The Deputy Commissioner rank insignia remained as before (national arms and commissioners' badge) but the commissioners' badge replaced with the new axes within a laurel wreath badge.

Singapore Customs revises upwards the Chief Superintendent rank to use a sole directors-general's badge and introduced an additional Deputy Chief Superintendent rank using the one national arms and two pips as rank insignia. The latter rank insignia was was formerly used by the Chief Superintendent of Customs.

  2006   - The Singapore Police Force Gurkha Contingent rank insignia for the field dress were shifted from the uniform sleeve and epaulettes to the front right pocket.

  2007   - The Singapore Armed Forces introduces the rank of Corporal First Class. While equivalent in title, the rank insignia of this rank differs from the earlier pre-1992 Corporal First Class rank which had a bar above two chevrons reversed.

  2008   - In March, the Immigration & Checkpoints Authority adopted the traditional military and paramilitary rank titles for their junior officers from Lance Corporal to Staff Sergeant, replacing the titles that was adopted upon establishment in 2003. The three Chief Immigration and Checkpoints Specialist ranks were renamed Checkpoint Inspectors 1 and 2, and Senior Checkpoint Inspector 1, similar in style to the police's Station Inspector and Senior Station Inspector ranks. A new apex rank with the title of Senior Checkpoint Inspector 2 and corresponding insignia (4 chevrons couped), was also introduced. The numbering convention for the four Checkpoint Inspector ranks follow the Police and Prisons system with 1 being the junior grade and 2 the senior grade. This entire group of ranks was also renamed from Junior Officers to Specialists.

The Singapore Armed Forces announces the introduction of new disruptive pattern camouflage uniforms (No.4) in the month of September. Officer and Warrant Officer rank insignias are now displayed singularly at the centre chest portion of the field dress instead of being worn in pairs on the shoulders. There are no changes to the rank insignias as used since 1982. Privates First Class to Master Sergeants retain the display of their rank insignias in pairs on the upper sleeves of the field dress.