Innu
Natives of Québec:
Cree, Atikamekw, Montagnais

Check the Native American sub-index.

Ikus Ameriketako hizkuntzen azpi-aurkibidea

Indians of Québec

Eastern Cree, Innu,, Atikamekw, Montagnais, Naskapi, Mingan... These names and others have been used in Eastern Canada, comprising Quebec and the maritime provinces, to name a variety of Algonquian speaking related peoples. Looking at their self-designations (Innu, Irnu & Iynu), we see that they are the same people, basically, although their dialectal varieties may be very different. Other, non directly related, peoples of Quebec and Eastern Coast Canada are the Abenaki, the Mohawk, the Algonquin (Ojibwe of Quebec) and the Micmac (and the Inuit, of course, in northern and coastal Labrador). The indigenous people of Quebec strongly oppose secession of the province from Canada. They say that if Quebecois have the right to self-determination, so do they, and therefore claim their right to secede from Quebec in that case.

In this page: Eastern Cree, Innu (Naskapi & Montagnais) and Atikamekw. Other pages: Mohawk, Micmac, Abenaki, Algonquin, Inuit, and Basque-Micmac pidgin (incredible? check here!)

Quebeceko indiarrak

Quebec eta ekialdeko Kanadako herri indiar gehienak (Ekialdeko Cree, Eastern Cree, Innu, Atikamekw, Montagnais, Naskapi, Mingan...) hizkuntza algonkiar beretsuko herriak dira. Berentzat ematen duten izenak ere ia berdinak dira: Innu, Irnu, Iynu; nahiz eta beren mintzairak nolabait desberdinak izan. Eskualdeko beste herri indiar batzuk dira Mohawk, Abenaki, Algonkin (Quebeceko Ojibweak) eta Mikmak herriak (Inuit-ak ere bai Labrador iparraldean). Quebec-eko herri indigeno hauek independentziaren kontra daude erabat: Quebectar frantsesek burujabetasunerako eskubidea badaukate Kanadatik alde egiteko, baita indiarrek ere Quebecetik alde egiteko.

Orrialde honetan: Ekialdeko Cree, Innu (Naskapi & Montagnais) eta Atikamekw. Beste orri batzuetan: Algonkin, Mohawk, Mikmak, Abenaki, Inuit, eta Euskal-Mikmak pidgin bat (egia!)

Eastern Cree

The Cree people are the most numerous and widely distributed of Canada's Amerindian groups (some 60,000 native speakers at all). They are classed in several distinct dialects (or languages) or groups. In Quebec they receive the name Eastern Cree [Cri in French], and there are around 8.000 speakers. Some linguists, always prone to make distinctions, speak of two distinct languages Coastal Eastern Cree and Inland Eastern Cree. The Eastern Cree call themselves Iynu.

Out table lists names of Cree communities in Quebec where the name has been officially changed to a native form, except those marked with [2].

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Iynu

Kri indiarrak dira Kanadako talde amerindiar hedatuen eta ugariena (60,000 hiztun inguru). Zenbait mintzaira edo taldetan banatzen dira. Quebecen daudenei Ekialdeko Kri esaten zaie. Haiek beren buruari Iynu esaten diote, eta 8.000 hiztun inguru geratzen dira. Hizkuntzalari batzuek (beti jendea zatitzen...) bi hizkuntza desberdin direla diote, barrukaldekoa eta kostaldekoa.

Gure zerrendan ageri diren Kri izenak Quebecekoak dira, eta ofizialki aldatu dituzte jatorrizko hizkuntzako formetara.

Izen koloniala / Colonnial name

Iynu (Cree)

Baie-du-Poste

Mistissini

Cabonga

Kabonga [2]

Caniapiscau

Kaniapiskaw [2]

Chibougamau

Shipokamaw [2]

Fort-George

Chisasibi

Fort-Rupert

Waskaganish

Great Whale River [1]

Whapmagoostui

Kuujjuarapik [1]

Whapmagoostui

Mistassini

Mistissini

Nemiscau

Nemaska

Nouveau-Comptoir

Wemindji

Paint Hills

Wemindji

Poste-de-la-Baleine [1]

Whapmagoostui

rivière du Lièvre [ibaia / river]

Wabozsipi [2]

Rupert House

Waskaganish

[1] Lehen Poste-de-la-Baleine edo Great Whale River zeritzon. Orain, Kri izen ofiziala Whapmagostui da eta Inuktitu izen ofiziala Kuujjuarapik. / Now officially Whapmagostui in Cree and Kuujjuarapik in Inuktitut. Former colonial names: Poste-de-la-Baleine / Great Whale River.

[2] Ofiziala ez den izena / Non-official.

Montagnais

The Innu are classed sometimes as two distinct groups (Naskapi and Montagnais; different forms of what is basically, the same language), but they are related people, of course. They live in Labrador peninsula, in Quebec and Newfoundland provinces, in the land they name Nitassinan. There are around 1,000 Naskapi speakers, and some 8,000 Montagnais speakers, of a total ethnic group of 10.000 people. Innu-aimun is their own name for the language.

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Innu-aimun

Innu herriaren beste bi izen dira Naskapi eta Montagnais (dialekto desberdinak), eta bizi dira Labrador penintsulan zehar, Quebec eta Ternua probintzietan. Beren lur horri Nitassinan esaten diote haiek. Hiztunak: 1.000 inguru Naskapi, 8.000 Montagnais, 10.000 laguneko talde etnikoan. Beren hizkuntzari Innu-aimun esaten diote.

Mapetan / Map name

Innu-aimun

Anaktalak Bay

Antanak

Ashuapun

Ashuapun

Betsiamites / Bersimis [2]

Pessamit

Border Beacon

Kauinipishekat

Burning Spot

Kauipushkats

Churchill Falls

Mishta-paushtiku

Churchill River

Mishta-shipu

Davis Inlet

Utshimassits

Disappointment Lake

Keshikashkau

Double Mer

Atatshuinipekuss

Escoumins [Réserve indienne des] [2]

Essipit [3]

Fraser Lake

Ushkau-nipi

George River

Mushuau-shipu

Giant Beaver River

Mishtamishku-shipu

Goose Lands

Kaiskusepenanut

Grand Lake

Kakatshu-utshishtun

Great Whale River [1]

Uapmekushtui

Harp Lake

Natsheku

Havre Saint-Pierre

Uepmiskau

Hope Lake

Penipuapishku-nipi

Indian House Lake

Mushuau-nipi

Kaishkuatashkutiku

Kaishkuatashkutiku

Keshikashkasht

Keshikashkasht

Kogaluk River

Ashuapun-shipu

Kukumeu-nipi

Kukumeu-nipi

Kuujjuaq

Uashkaikan

Kuujjuarapik [1]

Uapmekushtui

La Romaine

Unaman-shipit

Lac Brûle

Kaishkuateu-nipi

Lake Melville

Atatshuinipeku / Kishe-sakiu

Les Escoumins [2]

Essipit [3]

Lynx Lake

Ipishui-nipi

MacKenzie River

Mekentsheu-shipiss

Maliotenam

Mani-Utenam

Mealy Mountains

Akamiuapishku

Michikamats Lake

Meshikamass

Michikamau Lake

Meshikamau

Michinappi

Matshen-nipi

Mingan

Ekuanitshit

Mistinippi Lake

Mishta-nipi

Mokami Hill

Petshikapushkau

Muaku-nipi

Muaku-nipi

Namaycush Lake

Atshuku-nipiss

Naskaupi River

Meshikamau-shipu

Natashquan

Nutashkuan

Natikamaukau Creek

Natakameiaukau

Natuashish

Natuashish

Nipishish Lake

Nipishish

Ouiatchouan [2]

Mashteuiatsh [3]

Petiscapiskau

Petshikapushkau

Pocket Knife Lake

Kauashiakamit

Pointe-Bleue [2]

Mashteuiatsh [3]

Poste-de-la-Baleine [1]

Uapmekushtui

Ribon River / Rivière des Rubans

Deliban-shipisis

Rivière l'Echourie

Apokushis-shipis

Saint-Augustin

Pakuashipi

Schefferville

Matimekosh

Seal Lake

Atshuku-nipi

Sept-Îles

Uashat

Shapio Lake

Shapeiau

Sheshatshu

Sheshatshu / Sheshatshit

Shipiskan Lake

Ashuapamitikuant

Smallwood Reservoir

Meshikamass / Meshikamau

Snegamook Lake

Ashtinekamuku

Tasialuk Lake

Kakanikaput

Voisey's Bay

Kapukuanipant-kauashat / Emish

Whapmagostui [1]

Uapmekushtui

Winokapau Lake

Uinukapau

Wuchusk Lake

Utshashku-nipi

[1] Lehen Poste-de-la-Baleine edo Great Whale River zeritzon. Orain, Kri izen ofiziala Whapmagostui da eta Inuktitu izen ofiziala Kuujjuarapik. [2] Lehengo izena, jadanik ez da ofiziala. [3]: Quebeceko Montagnais-Innu komunitate baten izena, ofizialki aldatua forma natibo honetara.

[1] Now officially Whapmagostui in Cree and Kuujjuarapik in Inuktitut. Former colonial names: Poste-de-la-Baleine / Great Whale River. [2] Former name, no longer official [3]: Name of Montagnais-Innu community officially changed to the native form in Quebec.

Atikamekw

There are arund 3,500 Atikamekw in three distinct communities in Quebec. They call themselves Irnu, and most of them still retain their language. Except Opitciwan, the name of the other two settlements has been already officially changed to the native form.

Atikamekw

Atikamekw herria Quebeceko hiru komunitatetan bizi da. Beren buruari Irnu esaten diote, eta gehienek eutsi egin diote beren hizkuntzari. Opitciwan salbu, beste bi komunitateen izenak ofizialak dira orain jatorrizko hizkuntzan.

Mapetan / Map name

Atikamekw

Manuane

Manawan

Obedjiwan

Opitciwon

Weymontachie / Weymontachingue

Wemotaci

Mapak / Maps

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