Abstracts from DDW, Orlando, 16 - 19 May 1999
published in Gastroenterology 1999;116 (AGA abstracts)

G3531
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE: RESPONSE TO STEROID THERAPY ASSESSED BY THE FECAL GRANULOCYTE PROTEIN CONCENTRATION.
Palle N Schmidt MD, Copenhagen Univ Hosp Hvidovre, Hvidovre Denmark; Soeren M Madsen MD, Herlev Hosp, Herlev Denmark; Arne G Roseth MD, Aker Univ Hosp, Oslo Norway; Magne K Fagerhol MD, Ullevaal Univ Hosp, Oslo Norway; Johan H Wandall MD, RigsHospet, Copenhagen Denmark
 
AIM: To study if measurement of granulocyte proteins in feces may help in assessing response to steroid therapy in  inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
METHOD: Weekly measurement by ELISA of the fecal lactoferrin (LF) and calprotectin (CP) concentration in 16 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC; 12 pancolitis, 4 leftsided) and 5 with Crohn's disease (CD; 4 pancolitis, 1 ileocecal) during systemic prednisolone therapy.
RESULTS: Seven patients (33%; 5UC/2CD) rapidly went into clinical and endoscopic remission. These patients all demonstrated a rapid decline in fecal LF and CP concentrations early in the treatment course (median reduction after 1 week: 86% (LF) and 86% (CP); after 2 weeks: 94% (LF) and 90% (CP)) with full normalization at the end of treatment (initial LF concentration: median: 330 mg/l (range: 88-3672), final LF concentration: 1 mg/l (1-3); initial CP concentration: 490 mg/l (164-30250), final CP concentration: 8 mg/l (1-26)). The other 14 patients (66%) were operated (n=13) or transferred to another hospital for prolonged immunosuppressive therapy (n=1). In this group no or only a transient response to prednisolone was observed in the LF and CP concentrations (initial LF concentration: 556 mg/l (81-1628), final LF concentration: 320 mg/l (25-865); initial CP concentration: 1955 mg/l (50-12200), final CP concentration: 318 mg/l (60-4550)). In several of these patients periods of clinical remission was seen during the steroid treatment, whereas the fecal LF and CP concentrations remained abnormal.
CONCLUSION: Measurement of fecal granulocyte proteins may be useful in the assessment of therapeutic response in IBD. It may disclose treatment failure, making it possible to avoid prolonged, useless courses of steroids. In some patients it may even help to avoid operation.
 

G3453
PROLONGED PRODROME OF GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOMS IS ASSOCIATED WITH CROHN'S DISEASE BUT NOT ULCERATIVE COLITIS
Mark Pimentel, S Tabibzadeh, V Kirit-Kiriak, K Papadakis, E A Vasiliauskas, L Kam, S Targan, Henry C Lin, Cedars-Sinai Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA

We have observed that patients with Crohn's disease (CD) appear to have a prodromal period (symptom duration with negative investigations) longer than patients with ulcerative colitis (UC).
AIM: The purpose of this study was to compare the duration and symptomatic characteristics of this prodromal period in these two conditions.
METHODS: Thirty five consecutive patients (23 with CD and 12 with UC) presenting to the Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) Center were enrolled. Their diagnosis was confirmed by chart review. All patients were asked to complete a questionnaire designed to obtain symptoms about their illness before diagnosis: 1. The proportion of patient with symptoms in with negative investigations, 2. The duration of illness before diagnosis, 3. gastrointestinal symptoms experienced during the prodrome and 4. The presumptive diagnosis given for those symptoms.
RESULTS: 1. A greater proportion of patients with CD (13 out of 20 responses) had a period of illness during which tests were negative compared to UC (3/9) (Chi-square, 4.8, p<0.05). 2. The length of time with gastrointestinal symptoms was greater in patients with CD disease (9.7 +/- 11.7 years) than in patients with UC (1.37 +/- 1.9 years) (p<0.05). 3. IBS was the diagnosis given in 5/20 responses from Crohn's patients and 0/9 ulcerative colitis patients response  (Chi-square, 2.7, p=0.09). 4. The symptoms most consistent identified by patients with CD versus UC in the prodromal period were bloating and gaseousness.
CONCLUSIONS: Patients with Crohn's disease appear to have a prolonged prodromal period during which investigations are negative. This is in contrast to the shorter prodrome of ulcerative colitis. The main symptoms during this period were bloating and gaseousness.

Symptom                            Chi-square                       p-value

bloating                                 19.0                              0.00001
gaseousness                            3.7                                0.05
diarrhea                                  3.1                                0.08
pain                                        3.1                                0.08

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