Komi

Komi Komi izeneko bi talde daude ezagutua Errusian, berezko Komiak edo Ziriandarrak Komi Errepublikan, eta Komi-Permiak direlakoak, Komi-Permiak Barruti Autonomoan, hegoalderago. Bereizketa hau 1923an ezarri zen eta bi estandar idatzi desberdinen bidez ofizialdu zen. Horrek ezer onik ekarri duen zalantzazkoa da: Komi-Permiaken kasuan, hizkuntza zapalkuntzaren ondorioz, hizkuntza literario bat dute orain literaturarik gabe. Komi Errepublikan zertxobait gehiago bultzatu dute hizkuntza, baina Errusiarren kolonizazio geldiezinak irentsi behar ditu azken Komiak.

Komi They are two groups called Komi in Russia, the Komi proper or Zyrian of the Komi Republic and the Komi-Permyak of the Komi-Permyak Autonomous District. These distinction of dialects or national groups was made official in 1923 and the two dialectal forms were stablished with different writting standards. Anyway, total official disregard has led to the sad reality of a literary language with no literature, as the case of Komi-Permyak shows. In the Komi Republic there has been a more kind attitude towards the language, but the republic is being colonised unstoppably by Russian migrants.

Komi Errepubilka (Zirian) Zirian edo berezko Komiak bizi dira Komi Errepublikan (415.900 km2, hiriburua Syktyvkar) eta inguruetan. 1989 an 291.500 Komi ziren beren Errepublikan, 336,400 guztira (hiztunak %76.1). Errusiarren migrazio masiboak gutxiengo bihurtu ditu. 1926an %85 ziren beren herrian, 1989an soilik %23. Vorkuta bezalako gune industrualetan %1 inguru. Komi Errepublika izan da lehen eskualde Fino-Ugriarra Errusian non hizkuntzak ofizialtasuna lortu duen Errusieraren pare. Ikusteko dago horrek mintzaira benetan indartuko duen.

Komi Republic (Zyryan) The Zyryan Komis or simply Zyryans live in the Republic of Komi (415,900 sq. km., capital city Syktyvkar) and in the surrounding regions, on the Kola Peninsula, in the Nenets Autonomous District of the Archangelsk Province and in many different places in Siberia. In the upper reaches of the Kama river live the Kirov Permyaks of Zyuzdin Komis. In 1989 there were 291,500 Komis in their republic, 336,400 in total (speakers 76.1%). Massive immigration of Russians to the Komi territory has reduced them to a minority. In 1926 they were 85%, in 1989, just 23%. In industrial centers like Vorkuta they are 1%. The Komi Republic has been the first Finno-Ugrian area of Russia where the local language was instituted as the official language parallelly with Russian. It is not clear it this will inforce the language enough.

* Errusieraz / * Russian	* Komi
*Komi Respublika	*Komi Respublika
Abez'	Abezj
Adz'vavom	Adz´va
Ajjuva	Ajjuva
Bol's<aja Pyssa	Pyzjdïn
C<ersdyn'	C<ördïn (C<erdïn)
Inta	Inta
Iz<ma	Izjva
Jaks<a	Jaks<a
Kadz<erom	Ködz<örem
Kaz<im	Kaz<ym
Kedvavom	Kedvavom
Knjaz<pogost	Njazjpogost (Viz)
Kodzvil'	Ködzvyv
Kojgorodok	Kojgort
Kokul'kar	Kökuljkar
Kos'javom	Koss"javom
Kos'ju	Koss"ja
Koz<im	Köz<im
Koz<va	Köz<va
Lal'sk	Ljaj
Lem'yu	Ljöm"ju
Letka	Ljetka
Lopydino	Lopdïn
Mes'yu	Mös"ju
Mikun'	Mikunj
Mordino	Mordïn
Niz<njaja Voc<'	Voc< (Ulys Voc<)
Pec<ora	Pec<öra
Pec<ora [river]	Pec<öra (Pec<era)
Pomozdino	Pomösdïn
Poz<eg	Poz<ög
Sol'vyc<egorsk	Sovdor
Sord'ju	Sord"ju
Syktyvkar	Syktyvkar
Troicko Pec<orsk	Myldïn
Uhta	Ukva
Usa [river]	Usva
Ust'-Cil'ma	C<ilimgin (C<ilimdïn)
Ust'-Ilyc<	Ilyc<dïn
Ust'-Kulom	Kulömdïn
Ust'-S<c<ugor	Ts<ugör (Ts<ugur)
Ust'-Usa	Usvavom
Ust'-Vym'	Jemdïn
Veslyana	Vesl"jana
Vezdino	Vizdïn
Vis	Vis
Vizinga	Vizin
Vojvoz<	Vojvoz<
Vorkuta	Vörkuta
Voz<ajel'	Voz<ajolj
Vuktyl	Vuktyl

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Komi-Permiak Komi-Permiak herria Komi-Permiak Barruti Autonomouan bizi dira, Perm probintzian eta inguruan (Yazva Komi izeneko taldea kontuan hartuz gero, adibidez). Barrutiak 32.900 km2 ditu eta hiriburua Kudymkar da. 1989an 95.400 Komi bizi ziren Barrutian eta 152.000 Errusia osoan. in the AD and 152.000 in all Russia. Barrutian %61.4 ziren 1989. Hizkuntza zeharo baztertuta dago eskualde honetan, nahiz eta jatorriko etniakoak gehiengoa izan.

Komi-Permyak The Permyak Komis live in the Komi-Permian Autonomous District (32,900 sq. km., capital city Kudymkar) of the Perm Province, and around. The Permyak Komis include also the Yazva Komis or Krasnovishersk Permyaks, who live in the north-western part of the Perm Province. In 1989 there were 95,400 Komis in the AD and 152.000 in all Russia. In the AD they were 61.4% of the population in 1989. The presence of Komi-Permyak in everyday life, education or elsewhere is very limited in the AD.

* Errusieraz / * Russian	* Komi
* Komi-Permjackij avtonomnyj okrug	* Komi-Permjacköj avtononöj okrug
Adovo [lake]	Vadty / Vaty
Arhangel'skoe	Karpov
Beloevo	Beloev
Bol's<aja Serva	Ydz<yt Ser
Bol's<aja-Koc<a	Ydz<yt Koc<a
Buz<dom	Buz<döm
Buz<dym	Buz<dym
C<ekolaeva	Sjakavaj
C<uraki	C<urak
C<urtan	C<urtan
Ëgva	Jög
Ëgva [river]	Jögva
Èrna	Örna
Gajny	Gajna
Galjas<or	Galjas<or
Gavrilova	Vylis' S<örjög
Gènès<	Gönös<
Golubkova	Vup
In'va [river]	In'va
Jukseevo	Juks'ov
Jum	Jum
Jurino	Jurinc<i
Jus'va	Jus'va
Keros	Kerös
Koc<evo	Köc<
Kosa	Kös / Nyröv
Kosa [river]	Kösva
Kudymkar	Kudymkar
Kupros	Kuprös
Kuva	Kuva
Larina	Varin
Lëvkoz<	Lëvkoz<
Ljampino	Ljampin
Logina	Vogin
Lunym	Lunym
Malaja Sidorova	Uc<öt Sidör
Maraty	Maraty
Myj	Myj
Novaja Gus<c<ina	Vil' Gus<c<in
Nyrob	Nyryb
Odan'	Odan'
Onyl	Onyl
Os<ib	Os<yb
Otevo	Otëv
Parma	Parma
Pel'min-Bor	Pel'minbor
Perm'	Perem
Pes<nigort	Pes<nigort

Poz<	Poz<
Poz<va	Poz<va
Pugvin-Mys	Pugvinmys
Puksib	Puksipi
S<arvol'	S<örvol'
Sëjva	Sëjva
Sërva	Sërva
Sjuz'va	Sjuz'va
Solym	Solym
Staraja Kuz'va	Kuzzju
Tys<er	Tys<or
Ust'-Kokol'	Ust'-Kokol'
Ust'-Silajka	Ust'-Silajka
Velva-Baza	Velva-Baza
Verh-In'va	Verh-In'va
Verh-Kosa	Verh-Kosa
Verh-Lël'	Verh-Lël'
Verh-Nën'	Verh-Nën'
Zjuzdino	Dzuz'din

 

Laguntzaileak / Informers: Ott Kurs & Thomas Tvegaard

Eguneratua / Updated: 1997-11-23

 

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Mapak / Maps Komien kokapena / Location of the Komi

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